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Understanding Mood Disorders

Mood disorders encompass a range of mental health conditions where an individual's emotional state is consistently distorted or inappropriate to circumstances. They are characterised by a disturbance in mood, be it excessively lowered (as in depression) or elevated (as in mania), or fluctuating between the two extremes, as seen in bipolar disorder.

The causes are multifaceted and can involve a mix of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. While the symptoms and their severity can differ widely, they all profoundly impact everyday life, often affecting one's ability to function normally.

Recognising the signs early and seeking appropriate treatment is pivotal for managing these disorders and leading a fulfilling life.

General Symptoms

Though symptoms can vary depending on the specific type of mood disorder, some common signs include:

General Treatments

Treatment for mood disorders is usually multidimensional, involving a combination of approaches. These may include :

Psychotherapy (talk therapy)

This could be cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT), or other types of counselling.

Types Of Therapy

Medication

Antidepressants, mood stabilisers, and antipsychotics can be used to help control mood swings and treat depression or mania.

More About Medication

Lifestyle Adjustments

Regular exercise, a healthy diet, enough sleep, and reducing alcohol and caffeine can help manage symptoms.

More About Self Care

Support Groups

Sharing experiences and coping strategies with others who are experiencing the same struggles can provide emotional support and shared coping strategies.

What Is Peer Support?

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Used for severe depression when other treatments aren't effective. It involves sending an electric current through the brain to trigger a seizure, which can help to relieve the symptoms of depression.

More About The Brain

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A newer treatment where magnetic fields are used to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of depression. It's used when other treatments haven't been effective.

Guided Self-help

Using workbooks or digital courses, often supported by a therapist, to understand more about your mood disorder and learn coping techniques.

Visit Our Resources Centre

Mindfulness and Meditation

Techniques designed to focus the mind and reduce anxiety, stress, and negative mood states. They can be taught in a group setting or practised individually.

Learn About Mindfulness

Types of Mood Disorders

There are several types of mood disorders, including but not limited to:

Major Depressive Disorder (Depression)

Depression is characterised by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. It often affects various aspects of life, including sleep, appetite, energy levels, and concentration.

Learn More About Major Depressive Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder involves alternating periods of intense mood episodes, including manic episodes characterised by elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsive behaviour, and depressive episodes similar to those seen in major depressive disorder.

Learn More About Bipolar

Dysthymia (Persistent Depressive Disorder)

Dysthymia, also known as Persistent Depressive Disorder, is a chronic form of depression that lasts for at least two years. Although its symptoms might not be as severe as major depression, they are long-lasting and can affect daily functioning.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Cyclothymic disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder. Individuals with this disorder experience chronic fluctuations between low-level depression and hypomania, which is a milder form of mania.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

SAD is a type of depression that comes and goes with the seasons, typically starting in the late fall and early winter and going away during the spring and summer.

Postpartum Depression

Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that can affect women shortly before or soon after childbirth. It is more intense and lasts longer than the "baby blues," which is a term used to describe the worry, sadness, and tiredness many women experience after giving birth.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). It includes extreme mood shifts that can disrupt work and damage relationships.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

DMDD is a mood disorder in children characterised by chronic, severe irritability and frequent temper outbursts.

Mood disorders can vary in severity and duration, and they can significantly impact a person's quality of life. It's essential to seek professional help for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.