What is Sexual Assault?

Sexual assault is an act where someone touches you in a sexual way or coerces you into touching them, all without your consent.

This can range from unwanted kisses to inappropriate touching of your private areas like your genitals, breasts, or buttocks.

How to Know if It's Sexual Assault

The term 'sexual assault' is often used as an umbrella term for any unwanted sexual contact. In the eyes of the law in England and Wales, however, acts involving penetration are categorised as separate offences, such as rape or assault by penetration.

Key Indicators :

• Intentional Touching : The act was deliberate, not accidental.
• Sexual Nature : The touch had a sexual context or intent.
• Lack of Consent : You didn't agree to the act.
• No Reasonable Belief : The other person couldn't reasonably think you consented.

So What Is Consent?

Consent is a clear, voluntary agreement to engage in a specific activity, particularly sexual activity. It's a mutual understanding between all parties involved that they are willing and eager to participate.

In the context of sexual activity, consent is crucial for ensuring that all interactions are respectful, comfortable, and safe for everyone involved.

Key Points to Understand About Consent

• Freely Given : Consent must be offered without any form of pressure, manipulation, or coercion.
• Informed : All parties should fully understand what they are agreeing to, including the who, what, where, when, and how of the activity.
• Specific : Consent should be given for the specific activity at hand and doesn't imply agreement to different or future activities.
• Reversible : Consent can be withdrawn at any time, even if you've given it before or even during the activity.
• Enthusiastic and Unambiguous: A clear "yes" is necessary. Lack of a "no" doesn't mean "yes."
• Age Matters : In England and Wales, the legal age of consent is 16. Individuals below this age cannot legally give consent to sexual activity.

Legal Context in England and Wales

In England and Wales, the Sexual Offences Act 2003 outlines what constitutes sexual assault. It's a serious crime that can result in up to 10 years in prison.

If someone is under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or if they're pressured or manipulated into saying "yes," it doesn't count as legal consent.

Understanding consent is fundamental to any sexual activity. It's not just a one-time checkbox but an ongoing process that requires open communication and mutual respect.

Understanding the legal landscape surrounding sexual assault can be crucial, especially if you're considering reporting the incident.

Here's what you need to know

Reporting Options

You can report the assault by calling 999 or visiting your local police station.

Legal Procedures

After reporting, you may be asked to provide a statement and evidence. A legal process may follow, which could include court hearings.

Potential Outcomes

Conviction rates vary, but sexual assault is a serious crime that can result in up to 10 years in prison under the Sexual Offences Act 2003.

Legal Support

Free legal advice and support are often available for survivors. Organisations like Rights of Women can help.

What to Do if You Think You've Been Assaulted

First and foremost, know that it's not your fault. The blame lies solely with the perpetrator. If you think you've been sexually assaulted :

• Find Safety : Get to a safe place as quickly as possible.
• Talk to Someone : Confide in someone you trust.
• Seek Medical Attention : This is crucial for your physical well-being and can also provide evidence if you decide to report the assault.
• Preserve Evidence : If possible, avoid washing or changing clothes to preserve evidence.
• Report the Incident : If you choose to, report the assault to the authorities. In the UK, you can dial 999 for emergencies or go to your local police station.